16. ASKING IF SOMEONE REMEMBER OR NOT

             Asking if someone remember or not is the sentence that used to ask someone about something that happened in the past. The person maybe forget that event (that happened in the past ) so we can make that person remember.  

             The purpose “Asking if someone remember or not” is to make someone remember event that happened in the past. 

• Formal Expressions:

Ø  I wonder if you remember........

Ø  you remember .....don’t you ?

Ø  You haven’t forgotten......have you ?

Ø  Don’t you remember ....?

Ø  Do you happen to remember it now ? 

             Ways to respond

Ø let me think, yes , I remember.

Ø I remember especially the scenery.

Ø I’ll never forget that ?

Ø I’ll always remember.

Ø I’m sorry I don’t remember.

• Informal Expression

Ø  Remember the old house we used to live in ?

Ø  Remember that ?

Ø  I’m sorry I don’t remember

             Ways to respond

Ø Hold on. Yes, got it!

Ø I know.....

Ø It’s coming back to me now. 

Respond if you forget

Ø  Sorry I’ve completely forgotten.

Ø  I’m afraid I forget.

Ø  I forget.

Ø  I really can’t remember.

Ø  I’m afraid I have no memory of him.

Ø  Emmm, let me think. No, it’s gone.

Ø  Sorry, it slipped off my mind

Example dialog:

It was Sunday morning, Tia got dressed and had break quickly. She was ready to leave for school. Her mother was a little puzzled.              Mother : Hey.....hey.....are you doing to school ?              Tia        : Yes, Mom. I overslept. I’m in a hurry              Mother : You remember Sunday, don’t you ?              Tia        : Oh, my goodness. I thought it’s a school day !

15. OFFERING EXPRESSION

 Definition of Offering :

1. The act of making an offer.

2. Something, such as stock, that is offered.

3. A presentation made to a deity as an act of religious worship or sacrifice; an  oblation.

4. A contribution or gift, especially one made at a religious service.

Offering to older people:

• Would you like a cup of coffee, Mr. Green?
• Should I get you a bottle of water?
• Could I offer you a glass of lemonade, Mrs. Lina?
• Would you care for some salad?

Offering to friends:

• Want some?
• Have some.
• Chocolate?
• Glass of lemonade?
• Grab some for yourself.
• Would you like to have a pancake?
• Why don’t you have some lemonade?
• What can I get for you?
• What will you have?

Accepting an offer:

• Thank you
• Yes, please
• I’d like it very much
• Thank you, I would
• That would be very nice

Declining an offer:

• No, thanks.
• No, I really won’t. Thank you.
• Not for me, thanks.
• No, thanks. I’m not hungry.

14. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE

GOING TO OR WILL

The basic future with will :

There are two basic future tenses used to describe things that happen in the future. Besides these two there are some other future tenses which can be started on the advanced future tenses page. The first future tense is the future with “will”. Use the future with will to talk about an event in the future that you have just decided to do, for predictions and for promises.

Examples :  I think I will go to that party next week.

                    The economy will get better soon.

                    Yes, I will marry you.

The basic future with going to :

             The future with “going to” is used to express events you have already planned in the future and your intentions for the future. We sometimes also use the present continuous for planned events in the near future.

Examples : She is going to attend university and study to become a doctor.

                   We are going to make the presentation next week.

Functions and example-will :

1.    We use “will”  to give or ask for information or facts about the future.

• Her parents will be here in about an hour.
• All his friends will come to his birthday party.

2.    We use “will” for plans or decisions made at the time of speaking.

• “We need some papers to write some letters.” “okay, I will go and get some.”
•  “What would you like to drink?” “I will have a glass of orange juice, please.”

3.    We use ”will” to predict the future.

•  I think it will rain tomorrow.
• Shimon Santoso will win the competition.
• Do you think Indonesia will win the World Cup?

4.    We use “will” to predict the present.

•           Don’t phone her now, she will be busy.

5.    We use “will’ to offer to do something.

• I will take you to the airport tomorrow.
• That suitcase looks heavy, I will carry it for you.

6.    We use “will” to agree to do something.

•            Okay, I will come with you.

7.    We use “will” to promise to do something.

•           I promise I will not tell  anyone you broke the window.

8.    We use “will’ to make requests (or give orders)

•  Will you borrow me your pen?
•  Will you take some papers for me?
• Will you  turn off the television?

9.    We use “will” to refuse to do something or talk about refusals.

• No, I will not buy dress for you dear.
• I’ve asked him, but he will not do it.

Functions and examples-going to :

1.    We use ‘going to” for plans or decisions made before speaking.

• Is John coming home soon? – yes, I’m going to meet him at the airport tomorrow.
•  I’m going to watch TV in a minute, because my favourite programme is on.

2.    We use “going to” to predict the future based on present evidence.

•           Look at the sky. It is going to rain soon.

IMPORTANT NOTES :

a.    When we want to talk about future facts or things we believe to be true about the future, we use “will’

• The President will serve for four years.
• The bos won’t be very happy.
•  I’m sure you will like her.
•  I’m certain he will do a good job.

b.    If we are not so certain about the future, we use “will’ with expressions such as probably, possibly, I think, I hope.

• I hope you will visit me in my home one day.
• She will probably be a great success.
•  I will possibly come, but I may not get back in time.
• I think we will get on well.

c.    If you are making a future prediction based on evidence in the present situation, use “going to”

•  Not a cloud in the sky. It is going to be another warm day.
•  Look at the queue. We are not going to get in for hours.
• The traffic is terrible. We are going to miss our flight.
• Be careful! You are going to spill your coffee.

d.    At the moment of making a decision, use “will”. Once you have made the decision, talk about it using “going to”

• I will call Johan to let him know. Sarah, I need Johan’s number. I’m going to call him about the meeting.
•  I will come and have a drink with you, but I must let Harry know. Harry, I’m going to have a drink with Shimon.

13. ASKING FOR INFORMATION WITH WH QUESTIONS

 Asking Information

When we want to know about something, we can ask someone a question. So we can get for some information that we want to know. We can ask an information with using WH- question words (what, where, when, who, why, and how). They are called WH- question because they start with a question word.

What’s WH questions?

In journalism, WH-question is a concept in news style, research, and in police investigations that are regarded as basics in information-gathering. It is a formula for getting the specific information of something. WH-question is that for a report to be considered complete it must answer a checklist of six questions, each of which comprises an interrogative word. 

We can ask some information with WH- question. They are as follows:

•      What : asking for information about something.

•      Where : asking for information about place or position.

•      When : asking for information about time.

•      Who : asking for information about person or someone’s identity.

•      Why : asking for information about the reason for something.

•      How : asking for Information about the manner or way in which something is done.

Other words can also be used to inquire about specific information:

•      What kind : asking about description.

•      Whose : asking for information about possession or about ownership.

•      Which : asking about the choice of alternatives.

•      How much : asking for the quantity (uncountable).

•      How many : asking for the quantity (countable).

•      How far : asking for information about distance.

•      How old : asking about someone’s age.

•      Whom : asking about person.

Ø  Note: Whom can only be used to elicit information about the object of the sentence. Although using whom would be grammatically correct, we normally use who instead because it doesn’t sound so formal 

When we use WH- questions?

If you want information about a fact, person, thing, place, manner, etc, you can use a WH- question.

•      For example:

    You are not sure where and at what time you meet your friend.

    You ask him: “where do we meet?”  and “when do we meet?”

    So, he can give you the information.

Examples :

•      What is your name?

•      When is the party?

•      Where is the hotel?

•      Why is the road wet?

•      How do you drink your coffee?

•      Whose pen is this?

•      Whom did you see?

•      Which is your car?

•      How much money do you have?

•      How many cars are there?

There are a number of formulas used when asking for information :
Could you tell me...?
Do you know...?
Do you happen to know...?
I'd like to know...
Could you find out...?
I'm interested in...
I'm looking for..
 

Combined with to be

          What is ……. Your name?
 When was ……. He born?
 Where are ………. The tickets?
 Why were …………. They here?
 Who are ……….. Those people?
 How is ……. Helen? 

Combined with auxiliary verbs or Modals
What do …………
When did …………
Where shall ……..
Why does ……..
Who might ……
How could ……